Democratic Education
Freedom for All
What comes to mind when you think of democracy? For many people, the word democracy elicits thoughts of freedom and autonomy from government or at least full choice in governmental decisions.
The concepts of choice and control are at the heart of democratic education. Choice, the ability to have autonomy in the direction of one's own educational path, and control, the ability to decide how to approach major educational needs, are the two main principles of democratic education. Students are given choice and control over their own educational careers.
Logistics of Democratic Education
It is easy to say that students should have choice in their educational paths and control over their own educational goals, but what does that mean in the actual classroom?
In the most democratic classrooms, teachers should creatively engage students in activities that are of the students' choosing. For some students, this may mean quiet worksheets, but for many, this is most likely hands-on manipulative work. Students should be allowed to choose an area of study, and the entire educational plan should revolve around that subject area. (For instance, if the students like space and vote on having a space unit then all subject matter should pertain to space.)
Class schedules should be open for debate and vote so that all students in the class feel as if they have had a voice in the decision-making process of day-to-day educational tasks. If it is feasible, students should be allowed to work to their own schedules, but if not, a class vote to decide on time tables will suffice.
From a school-wide perspective, democratic education takes the form of student body government with real power to make decisions for the school in areas such as educational planning and programs to be offered.
Benefits of Democratic Education
The most important benefit of democratic education is student ownership of their education. When people own their choices, they are more engaged in making those choices work to their own benefit and good. When a choice is pushed on a person without consent, the person does not have a sense of ownership, and thus, does not always feel compelled to work to make the situation a success.
However, when they have chosen a path, they do not want to fail because they own the choice, and thus, will own the failure as well. Ownership leads to engagement, which leads to success in education, and that is the goal of every educational approach.
Other, more objective, benefits are:
Higher attendance
Greater participation in educational activities
Higher student achievement
Increased intrinsic motivation
Finally, democratic education teaches students the value of being a true participant in one's own environment and making sure one's own voice is heard. This prepares students for a future in a democratic state. By teaching students that their voices are important and can make a difference, you raise adults who believe that they can change the world as long as they are prepared to be involved in the process.
Concerns in Democratic Education
The greatest concern for any educator considering creating a democratic education environment is authenticity. If students are asked to voice their opinions, or even take a vote on a topic, and then their decisions are not responded to, they will lose all faith in the process. To truly have a democratic education environment, with all the benefits it offers students, the adult educators must be fully signed on to the process.
When students vote for something, that vote must count for action. Only then will students be invested in the outcome.
It is also imperative that students are taught he lesson of responsibility in democratic education. With choice and control comes the responsibility of following through with the choices that are made. Some students may not understand this at first, but as they see the results of true, authentic democratic education, they will come to understand that their choices have power to mold their educational futures.
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